Applications:

• Overactive Bladder (OAB): Treats urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence.

• Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity: Manages bladder spasms in neurological conditions (e.g., MS, spinal injury).

Side Effects:

• Common: Dry mouth (35% of users), constipation, blurred vision, headache.

• Serious (Rare):

  • QT prolongation (caution in heart disease).

  • Angioedema (swelling of face/throat).

  • Urinary retention (risk in prostate enlargement).

Applications:

• Peptic Ulcers: Reduces gastric acid secretion (adjunct therapy).

• Hyperhidrosis: Controls excessive sweating (off-label).

• GI Spasms: Manages irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and diverticulitis.

• Urinary Incontinence: Treats overactive bladder (less common now).

Side Effects:

• Common: Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, drowsiness.

• Serious (Rare):

  • Urinary retention (risk in prostate enlargement).

  • Tachycardia (fast heart rate).

  • Glaucoma exacerbation (avoid in narrow-angle glaucoma).

Applications:

• Overactive Bladder (OAB): Reduces urgency, frequency, and incontinence.

• Neurogenic Bladder: Manages urinary leakage in spinal cord injury/MS.

• Pediatric Enuresis: Treats bedwetting (off-label in children ≥5 yrs).

Side Effects:

• Common: Dry mouth (70% of users), constipation, blurred vision, drowsiness.

• Serious (Rare):

  • Urinary retention (risk in prostate enlargement).

  • Heatstroke (reduced sweating in high temperatures).

  • CNS effects (confusion in elderly).