Applications:

• Overactive Bladder (OAB): Treats frequent urination, urgency, and incontinence.

• Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity: Manages bladder control issues in neurological conditions (e.g., MS, spinal cord injury).

Side Effects:

• Common: Dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, dizziness.

• Serious (Rare):

  • Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling).

  • Worsening glaucoma (caution in patients with eye conditions).

  • Urinary retention (in men with prostate enlargement).

Applications:

• Pre-Anesthesia: Reduces saliva and respiratory secretions before surgery.

• Bradycardia: Emergency treatment for abnormally slow heart rate.

• Poison Antidote: Countacts organophosphate or nerve agent poisoning.

• Ophthalmic Use: Dilates pupils for eye exams or inflammation treatment.

• GI Disorders: Relieves spasms in irritable bowel (rarely used today).

Side Effects:

• Common: Dry mouth, blurred vision, rapid heartbeat, dizziness.

• Serious:

  • Hallucinations/confusion (high doses)

  • Urinary retention

  • Glaucoma attacks (with eye drops)

  • Dangerous tachycardia (overdose)

Note:

• IV/IM use only in emergencies (hospital/EMS).

• Reverses life-threatening cholinergic toxicity (e.g., pesticide poisoning).